Recognizing good educational software
Faced with the plethora of educational software available today, one of the questions on the minds of education professionals in favor of the pedagogical integration of ICT is how to separate the wheat from the chaff. For, while e-learning tools are legion, they are certainly not all equal. And if debates on their effectiveness seem endless, it's because the differences observed in their characteristics sometimes leave us perplexed. So, what makes good educational software?
This is the question that Sjödén Björn, a student in the Department of Cognitive Science at Lund University, Sweden, sets out to answer in his doctoral thesis, soberly entitled " What are the characteristics of good educational software?
Characteristics of relevant educational software
In his thesis, Sjödén Björn offers a critical analysis of the main characteristics that make educational software effective learning tools.
To achieve this, he analyzed 100 so-called "educational" applications. Following this analysis, the researcher sets out a number of characteristics inherent in quality educational software. He believes that the relevance of educational software depends on a number of criteria:
- Its ability to provide feedback tailored to each user
According to Sjödén Björn, educational software worthy of the name should be able to comment on its users' performance, but not only that. It should also be able to guide users and even suggest alternatives, with a view to guiding them towards what is really expected of them. For, as the researcher explains:
"most of the digital learning tools used in schools are unsatisfactory, and only test the knowledge that students have already acquired".
- Its ability to help learners acquire new skills
Beyond the mere assessment of knowledge or skills, relevant educational software should be able to provide a plus over and above the other teaching and/or learning tools already available in a classroom, believes the researcher. Unfortunately, according to him
"probably more than 90% of learning tools available online simply test learners' knowledge. They provide no explanatory information, apart from the correct answer. As a result, the students who use them are simply playing against time, and not benefiting from a better understanding of the subject at hand".
- Its ability to strike the right balance between its technical aspects and the educational relevance of each of its functions
According to the researcher, the quality of an educational application does not necessarily depend on its technical complexity. It is therefore important that each of its functionalities be designed to promote the acquisition of new knowledge and/or skills.
These and many other characteristics (re)place cognitive science at the heart of any system for transmitting and acquiring knowledge.
The role of cognitive science in improving the quality of educational software
Secondly,Sjödén Björn focuses on how cognitive science can help improve the quality of educational software. To this end, he proposes several types of methodological approach that designers of this type of software should draw on to make them more useful for education. These include observational and quasi-experimental approaches with conceptual replications, to name but a few.
Sjödén Björn does not disavow educational software, but invites teachers to take a more critical look at these tools, whose limits are rarely perceptible. He obviously recognizes their pedagogical potential, but calls for more thought to be given to their design and development. For, as he himself acknowledges:
"digital learning tools can provide great educational benefits, as long as they don't become mere books on a screen, but also put their digital advantages to work.
This involves, for example, providing good feedback, showing that there are different ways of thinking to achieve a goal (...)".
Read also:
A range of free Windows-based software for primary schools
Free educational software for kindergarten and primary school
Software to measure your students' performance
Logiciels éducatifs.fr
Reference
Sjödén, B. (2015). What makes good educational software? Lund University Cognitive Studies
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/7991505
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