Publish at July 15 2021 Updated October 26 2023
"Education is the development in man of all the perfection his nature contains. " Kant
"The purpose of education is to give body and soul all the beauty and perfection of which they are capable. " Plato
Researchers have often questioned the meaning of training as a social dynamic, a way of organizing the acquisition or transfer of knowledge. Other researchers have investigated the function and identity of trainers, or the purpose of training organizations or centers. But, by dint of putting the word "training" in the foreground, perhaps we've overlooked " training centers "?
If the designation is different, it's probably because the orientations or activities proposed are different. The challenge is to understand what this nuance means. What distinguishes a training organization from an advanced training center?
If training evokes the idea of giving a form, perfection refers to an accomplished action carried through to its conclusion, perfectly carried out. No fault can be found. Perfection doesn't exist in this world, which is why, say some assessors, it's impossible to award a mark of 20 out of 20 to an assignment or project. Assessments resonate as a value judgment and a way of relating to the world. There are even cultural tropisms, according to which certain peoples are more demanding when it comes to expectations. The French would be among them. As the poet Alfred de Musset said:
"Perfection does not exist; to understand it is the triumph of human intelligence; to desire it in order to possess it is the most dangerous folly".
Or else perfection is reserved for God. According to St. Thomas Aquinas, it's even proof of his existence. Careful, then, that this quest for perfection doesn't lead to the stake. That's what happened to the Perfects, those Cathars in search of wisdom. In the field of machines, "perfected" sometimes means sophisticated or even a little complicated, and is therefore opposed to the robustness, if not the frugality, of simpler mechanisms.
Referring back to the world of education, the idea of advanced training centers aims to increase knowledge from an already existing base. The concept is well suited to managers who possess a wealth of knowledge, demonstrated by their successes or long experience. But for the more humble among them, who know they don't know everything, places have been devised.
The Centre de perfectionnement aux affaires(CPA), for example, was created by the Paris Chamber of Commerce and Industry in 1929 on the initiative of Georges Doriot, one of the first French graduates of Harvard. For the past century, this center has been offering innovative approaches to learning about management and business leadership. Improvement rhymes here with the search for innovation. Every year, some 350 managers take part in its courses. The CPA's mission is summed up in a phrase: "the training of managers by managers". Its mission is to : "to contribute to the development of general management". The Centre de perfectionnement des chefs d'entreprise offers a teaching method based on the exchange of experience.
The CFPJ journalists' training center, for example, or a continuing education department at the University of Montreal, are also named after this perfection. According to Bernard Hilau, under the ancien régime, workers in the old trade communities were socialized to perfect their skills. The pedagogical ideal of self-improvement meant focusing on trade practices through mutual socialization. Lastly, we can mention the classes de perfectionnement (special education classes), designed to provide schooling for pupils designated as "debilitated". These were created in 1909 and replaced in 1985 by classes d'intégration scolaire(CLIS)(school integration classes). Here too, the search for an ideal is proposed.
While training is aimed more at individuals, further training has broader objectives, and is concerned with a variety of subjects such as practices, skills or systems. This is how courses, cycles, itineraries and training courses are created.
Perfection is also moral or ethical. Perfection is as much a challenge for those in greatest difficulty as it is for managers and executives. But while training aims at emancipation through knowledge, perfection aims at achieving excellence. It was probably when designers of schools and institutions wanted to combine the two purposes that they coined the terms "training and development center". They probably wanted to mark an intention of excellence and emancipation.
Source
Wikipedia - Perfection https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfection
CPCE http://www.cpce -fc.org/
Les Echos The CPA, the school for managers https://www.lesechos.fr/1994/04/le-cpa-lecole-des-dirigeants-880518
CFPJ https://www.cfpj.com/
Département formation continue de l'université de Montréal https://cpfep.umontreal.ca/
Dorison, C. (2006). Des classes de perfectionnement aux classes d'intégration scolaire. L'évolution de la référence à la catégorie de débilité. Le français aujourd'hui, 1(1), 51-59. https://doi. org/10.3917/lfa.152.0051
Cordial - Dictionnaire définition de perfectionnement https://www.cordial.fr/dictionnaire/definition/perfectionnement.php
History in question - The Cathar religion http://histoire-en-questions.fr/moyen%20age/religion-cathare-vie.html
Hillau, B. (1994). Le perfectionnement ouvrier dans les anciennes communautés de métiers. Formation Emploi, 46(1), 47-67. https://www. persee.fr/doc/forem_0759-6340_1994_num_46_1_2060
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