Publish at June 10 2018 Updated November 28 2024
While it's difficult to get a 100% accurate picture of history, it has left thousands of traces. Some, like the Acropolis in Athens or Machu Picchu, are still in relatively good condition, despite the constant surveillance required.
History has also bequeathed symbols that can be found in works of art and monuments made in memory of the departed. Anyone could easily recognize the signing of the United States Declaration of Independence, or the statues of General de Gaulle.
The role of the history class is therefore to explain to young people these symbols, the context and the lives of those who have had an impact on the course of History with a capital "H". It also means reflecting on how some of them can lose or take on a different value over time. For example, the YouTube channel "C'est une autre histoire" shows how the figure of Marianne was born and transformed in France:
We know that Adolf Hitler's regime literally undermined the swastika, a sacred Hindu emblem, to turn it into a hateful, warlike icon. In other cases, such as the United States, artifacts and statues from the Civil War Confederacy are increasingly controversial, as they are generally venerated by racist groups. Even in Canada, certain names are being removed from buildings and streets because they are often associated with racist imperialists who made native nations suffer. In short, symbols change and take on meanings that it's essential to teach children. But better still, what if they themselves looked for symbols of their local history?
This is what happened in the Estaque district between 2008 and 2013. CM2 pupils were invited to explore and analyze the industrial remains of l'Estaque and the Séon basin. They noted how they left artefacts and symbols explaining the development of Marseille. Whether it's remains of tiles, walls, chimney stacks or plaques commemorating workers who fought for the Liberation, these apprentice archaeologists have discovered parts of their local history that were unknown to them. Much of this work was published in the Canard de l'Estaque, the students' newspaper, where they were able to teach their fellow students about the rich past of the last century.
It all started with a walk around town and a photo rally. It wasn't long before pupils started asking questions about the tuileries and the names on the plaques. These discussions led school teacher Jacques Vialle to work with historian Laurence de Cock to offer information and plan "archaeological digs" in which children could explore and understand the neighborhood and even the wider history. Because for the teacher, this curiosity about local aspects makes it much easier to explain major historical issues. It's much easier to talk about the Second World War and the Resistance using examples rooted in the neighborhood. The same goes for the Industrial Revolution and workers' working conditions, of which there are still symbols. It's also a way of looking at how the industry has changed decades later.
This experience underlines the importance of using both global and local symbols to help young people understand and learn from the past. These pictograms, statues, plaques, heritage buildings and archaeological remains are there to remind us of both the bright and dark sides of humanity.
For example, the kiosks still standing in Vichy are a legacy of Napoleon III. Perhaps some will disappear as values change. Nonetheless, these reflections could be the trigger point for sparking curiosity in the learner to find out more about this symbol and the evolution of its meaning over time.
Illustration: Kᵉⁿ Lᵃⁿᵉ City Hall Statues (Buffalo, New York) via photopin (license)
References
"Le Canard de l'Estaque." Site De L'école Estaque Gare à Marseille. Accessed June 7, 2018. http://estaque.gare.free.fr/canard.htm.
"Les Kiosques De Vichy, Au-delà De La Musique, Un Symbole Historique Du Thermalisme." Www.lamontagne.fr. Last modified June 2, 2018 . https://www.lamontagne.fr/vichy/travaux-urbanisme/histoire/2018/06/02/les-kiosques-de-vichy-au-dela-de-la-musique-un-symbole-historique-du-thermalisme_12870210.html#refresh.
"Controversial Symbols Of History Will Continue To Fall, Experts Say." Radio-Canada.ca. Last updated August 19, 2017. https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1051315/symbole-controverse-histoire-statue-etats-unis-confederes-racisme.
RFI. "Du Symbole De Paix Au Régime Nazi: L'histoire De La Croix Gammée." Mashable. Last updated February 16, 2018. http://mashable.france24.com/monde/20180216-symbole-paix-regime-nazi-histoire-croix-gammee.
Vialle, Jacques. "How Students Wrote The History Of L'Estaque." Aggiornamento Hist-geo. Last updated June 2013. https://aggiornamento.hypotheses.org/3800.
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