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Publish at March 03 2021 Updated February 12 2025

Oulipo: The game of constrained literature

Do you know the 140 constraints of the Opener of Potential Litterature ?

For over 60 years, Oulipo has been offering a variety of ways to stimulate or challenge the imagination of writers, editors, poets, students and anyone else who knows how to write, to the delight of those who read them.

Raymond Queneau and François Le Lionnais conceived an infinite principle for generating literature, which they called "constraint". A constraint is a totally arbitrary rule designed to complicate the life of authors and, at the same time, free their creative potential. This has led to such feats as Georges Perec's novel "La disparition"(The Disappearance), a 300-page brick written without a single letter "e" - the most frequently used letter in French!

"An oulimpien author is a rat who builds himself the labyrinth from which he proposes to emerge."

There's no doubt that the rats have multiplied, as have the results of the imagination of the constraints: there are now over 140 of them.

These constraints are rules, preferably difficult to respect, like theOuliporime, or amusing and almost automatic, like the watermark rule or the Chicago rule.

Each of these constraints generates characteristic works and allows for almost infinite developments, some of which have become very popular and serve as the basis for writing workshops. Among all those proposed, you're sure to find a few that will inspire you.

L'Oulipo holds regular meetings, which can be viewed on YouTube.

Official Oulipo website






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